| Marker | Target | Pathology |
|---|---|---|
| Cytokeratin | Epithelial | Carcinomas (SCC, Adeno) |
| Vimentin | Mesenchymal | Sarcomas, Endometrial, RCC, Meningioma |
| Desmin | Muscle | Rhabdomyosarcoma, Leiomyoma |
| GFAP | Neuroglia | Astrocytoma, Glioblastoma |
| Neurofilament | Neurons | Neuroblastoma, Pheochromocytoma |
| Marker | Target | Pathology |
|---|---|---|
| CD45 (LCA) | Leukocytes | Lymphoma/Leukemia screen |
| CD15/CD30 | Reed-Sternberg | Hodgkin Lymphoma |
| CD20 | B-cells | Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (B-cell) |
| CD3 | T-cells | T-cell Lymphoma / T-ALL |
| CD34 | Stem Cells | Angiosarcoma, Acute Leukemia |
| TdT | Lymphoblasts | ALL (B or T type) |
| MPO | Myeloid | AML (Auer rods) |
| CD11c/TRAP | Hairy Cells | Hairy Cell Leukemia |
| CD5 | T-cells (aberrant on B) | CLL, Mantle Cell Lymphoma |
| CD138 | Plasma Cells | Multiple Myeloma |
| CD55/59 | RBC protective | PNH (Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria) |
| Marker | Target | Pathology |
|---|---|---|
| S-100 | Neural Crest | Melanoma, Schwannoma, Langerhans |
| HMB-45 | Melanocytes | Melanoma (Specific) |
| Synaptophysin | Presynaptic | Neuroendocrine / Small Cell |
| Chromogranin | Granules | Carcinoid, Small Cell |
| TTF-1 | Lung/Thyroid | Lung Adenocarcinoma, Thyroid Ca |
| PSA | Prostate | Prostate Cancer |
| HepPar-1 | Hepatocytes | HCC |
| CA-125 | Ovary surface | Epithelial Ovarian Cancer |
| CEA | GI Tract | Colorectal / Pancreatic Cancer |
| Marker | Target | Pathology |
|---|---|---|
| hCG | Syncytiotrophoblasts | Choriocarcinoma |
| AFP | Yolk Sac | Yolk Sac Tumor (Endodermal Sinus) |
| PLAP/CD117 | Germ Cells | Seminoma |
| Inhibin | Sex Cord | Granulosa Cell Tumor |
| Gene/Translocation | Pathology |
|---|---|
| t(8;14) c-Myc | Burkitt Lymphoma |
| t(14;18) Bcl-2 | Follicular Lymphoma |
| t(11;14) Cyclin D1 | Mantle Cell Lymphoma |
| t(9;22) BCR-ABL | CML |
| t(15;17) PML-RARA | APML (treat with ATRA) |
| t(11;22) EWS-FLI1 | Ewing Sarcoma |
| Stain | Target | Pathology |
|---|---|---|
| Congo Red | Amyloid | Amyloidosis |
| Prussian Blue | Iron | Hemochromatosis |
| PAS | Glycogen/Mucus | Whipple Disease |
| Oil Red O | Fat | Fat Embolism |
| Trichrome | Collagen | Fibrosis/Cirrhosis |
| Silver Stain | Organisms | H. Pylori, Fungi, Legionella |
| Mucicarmine | Capsule | Cryptococcus |
| Giemsa | Protozoa | Malaria |