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Detailed Reference Table
| Topic | Key Mechanism | Ion Influence |
|---|
| Local Anesthetics | Bind Na+ channel from cytoplasmic side | Blocks Na+ Influx |
| Neostigmine | Inhibits AChE enzyme | Prolongs Na+ In / K+ Out |
| Physostigmine | Crosses Blood-Brain Barrier | ACh increase in CNS |
| Mu Opioid | Gi protein coupling | K+ Out / Blocks Ca2+ In |
Step 1 Tip: In infected tissue (acidic), local anesthetics are charged and cannot cross the membrane, making them less effective.